| Peer-Reviewed

An Attempt to Model Factors Affecting the School’s Dropout Phenomenon in Yemen

Received: 15 October 2018     Accepted: 29 October 2018     Published: 26 November 2018
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Due to many reasons, the dropout problem at the Yemeni schools is escalating tremendously. This study provides an in-depth analysis on school dropouts through analyzing all available and relative raw data that have been obtained in three Yemeni national official surveys: Household Budget Survey (HBS) 2005-2006, Child Labor Survey (CLS) 2010 and HBS 2014. In each survey, a number of dropouts' reasons was investigated and seven of them were found to be common in these three surveys. With attendance status (attended, not attended) as a dependent variable, the binary logistic regression was used to find out statistical significant reasons for school dropouts in Yemen for the two age groups 6-14 and 15-17 years. From each survey, some significant independent variables (reasons) were detected. These significant reasons were divided into six related dimensions namely; poverty, schools’ situation, education willingness, orphanhood, sex of the children and residence area. Careful consideration to these dimensions has led to suggest a number of relative recommendations and also a prototype that addresses the dropout problem and its deep roots in Yemen.

Published in International Journal of Education, Culture and Society (Volume 3, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijecs.20180305.11
Page(s) 78-85
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Dropout, HBS, CLS, Logistic Regression, Yemen

References
[1] "Household Budget Survey Report (HBS) 2005/2006". Central Statistical Organization, Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation, Sana'a, Yemen.
[2] "Children Labor Survey Report (CLS) 2010". ILO, Yemen, 2012.
[3] "Household Budget Survey Report (HBS) 2014". Central Statistical Organization, Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation, Sana'a, Yemen.
[4] UNICEF. "Born into War 1000 Days of Lost Children; Yemen is one of the worst places in the world to be a child". #ChildrenUnderAttack, January 2018.
[5] UNICEF. "If not in school, the paths children cross in Yemen". #IfNotInSchool, March 2018.
[6] Central Statistical Organization (CSO). "Population Projections of Yemen 2005-2025". CSO, Yemen. 2018. http://www.cso-yemen.org/content.php?lng=arabic&id=553.
[7] World Bank. "Education in the Middle East North Africa: a strategy towards learning for development". Washington, DC: World Bank. 1999.
[8] World Bank. "The Road not Traveled Education Reform in the MENA Region". Washington, DC: World Bank. 2007.
[9] UNICEF. "Yemen National Social Protection Monitoring Survey (NSPMS): 2012-2013 Final Report". International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth, United Nations Development Programme and the United Nations Children’s Fund. 2014. http://www.ipc-undp.org/pub/eng/Yemen_National_Social_Protection_Monitoring_Survey_2012_2013.pdf.
[10] T. Spradlin, K. Cierniak, D. Shi, and M. Chen. "Attendance and Chronic Absenteeism in Indiana: The Impact on Student Achievement". Center for Evaluation & Education Policy (CEEP), Education Policy Brief, 2012, 10(3): 1-12.
[11] F. Hunt. "Dropping out from school: A Cross Country Review of Literature". Research Monograph, No. 16. University of Sussex Centre for International Education. 2008.
[12] J. M. Bridgeland, J. J. DiIulio Jr., and K. B. Morison. "The silent epidemic: Perspectives on high school dropouts". Washington, D. C.: Civil Enterprises. 2006.
[13] S. Rotermund. "Why students drop out of high school: Comparisons from three national surveys". Santa Barbara: California Dropout Research Project, University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved October 7, 2008. http://lmri.ucsb.edu/dropouts/pubs.htm.
[14] R. W. Rumberger and A. L. Lim. "Why Students Drop out of School: A Review of 25 years of Research". California Dropout Research Project Report #15, University of California, Santa Barbara. 2008.
[15] R. W. Rumberger. "High school dropouts: A review of issues and evidence". Review of Educational Research, 1987, 57: 101-121.
[16] G. G. Wehlage, R. A. Rutter, G. A. Smith, N. Lesko and R. R. Fernandez. "Reducing the risk: Schools as communities of support". New York: Falmer Press. 1989.
[17] J. D. Finn. "Withdrawing from school". Review of Educational Research, 1989, 59: 117-142.
[18] D. Card. "The Causal effect of Education on Earnings". Handbook of Labor Economics, Vol. 3, Part A, Amsterdam, Elsevier: 1999, Chapter 30:1801-1863. http://davidcard.berkeley.edu/papers/causal_educ_earnings.pdf.
[19] D. M. Cutler and A. Lleras-Muney. "Education and Health: Evaluating Theories and Evidence". NBER Working Paper, No. 12352. Cambridge, MA, National Bureau of Economic Research. 2006.
[20] F. Ricci and M. Zachariadis. "Education Externalities on Longevity". Economica. 2012. doi: 10.1111/ecca. 2013.
[21] D. Filmer. "The Structure of Social Disparities in Education: Gender and Wealth". World Bank, Washington DC. 1999.
[22] S. A. El Dawla. "Traps for Democracy". Egypt National Report. The Social Watch. 2000.
[23] R. Assaad, L. Deborah and N. Zibani. "The Effect of Child Work on School Enrollment in Egypt". A paper presented at the Workshop on Poverty and its determinants in the Middle East, Sana'a, Yemen, 2001.
[24] S. Elkogali and S. El Daw. "Poverty, Human Capital and Gender: A Comparative Study of Yemen and Egypt". ERF, Working Papers 0123, Economic Research Forum, revised 08 Sep 2001.
[25] J. Neter, M. H. Kutner, C. J. Nachtsheim and W. Wasserman. "Applied Linear Regression Models". 3rd ed. Chicago, IL: Irwin. 1998.
[26] M. Kibria."The Magnitude of Cultural Factors That Affect School Enrolment and Retention in Afghanistan: An Analysis Through Hofstede’s Model". Canadian Social Science, 2013, 9(6): 161-168.
[27] C. Colcough, P. Rose and M. Tembon. "Gender inequalities in primary schooling: The Roles of poverty and adverse cultural practice". International Journal of Educational Development, 2000, 20: 5-27.
[28] S. Ghumanand C. B. Lloyd. "Teacher Absence as a Factor in Gender Inequalities in Access to Primary Schooling in Rural Pakistan". Working Paper, No 1. New York: Population Council. 2007.
[29] L. Cook and A. Ezenne. "Factors Influencing Student's Absenteeism in Primary School in Jamaica, Perspectives of Community Members". Caribbean curriculum, 2010, 17: 33-57.
[30] C. A. Kearney. "School Absenteeism and School Refusal Behavior in youth: A contemporary review". ScienceDirect, 2008, 28: 451–471.
[31] S. Peterson. "Barriers to Accessing Primary Education in Conflicted Affected Fragile States". (Final Report). London: International Save the Children Alliance. 2009.
[32] M. Guptaand P. Lata."Absenteeism in Schools: A Chronic Problem in the Present Time". Educational Confab, 2014, 3(1): 11-16.
[33] M. Batbaatar, T. Bold, J. Marshall, D. Oyuntsetseg, C. Tamir and G. Tumennast. "Children on the move: rural-urban migration and access to education in Mongolia". CHIP Report No. 17, Save the Children UK/CHIP. 2006.
[34] P. Pridmore. "Impact of Health on Education Access and Achievement: A Cross-National Review of the Research Evidence". UK: University of Sussex. 2007.
[35] F. M. Newmann. "Student engagement and achievement in American secondary schools". New York: Teachers College Press. 1992.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Muhammed Abdul Kareem Al-Mansoob, Muhammed Saleh Abdullah Masood, Abdulhakim Abdurabu Mohammed Al-Abid. (2018). An Attempt to Model Factors Affecting the School’s Dropout Phenomenon in Yemen. International Journal of Education, Culture and Society, 3(5), 78-85. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijecs.20180305.11

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Muhammed Abdul Kareem Al-Mansoob; Muhammed Saleh Abdullah Masood; Abdulhakim Abdurabu Mohammed Al-Abid. An Attempt to Model Factors Affecting the School’s Dropout Phenomenon in Yemen. Int. J. Educ. Cult. Soc. 2018, 3(5), 78-85. doi: 10.11648/j.ijecs.20180305.11

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Muhammed Abdul Kareem Al-Mansoob, Muhammed Saleh Abdullah Masood, Abdulhakim Abdurabu Mohammed Al-Abid. An Attempt to Model Factors Affecting the School’s Dropout Phenomenon in Yemen. Int J Educ Cult Soc. 2018;3(5):78-85. doi: 10.11648/j.ijecs.20180305.11

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ijecs.20180305.11,
      author = {Muhammed Abdul Kareem Al-Mansoob and Muhammed Saleh Abdullah Masood and Abdulhakim Abdurabu Mohammed Al-Abid},
      title = {An Attempt to Model Factors Affecting the School’s Dropout Phenomenon in Yemen},
      journal = {International Journal of Education, Culture and Society},
      volume = {3},
      number = {5},
      pages = {78-85},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijecs.20180305.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijecs.20180305.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijecs.20180305.11},
      abstract = {Due to many reasons, the dropout problem at the Yemeni schools is escalating tremendously. This study provides an in-depth analysis on school dropouts through analyzing all available and relative raw data that have been obtained in three Yemeni national official surveys: Household Budget Survey (HBS) 2005-2006, Child Labor Survey (CLS) 2010 and HBS 2014. In each survey, a number of dropouts' reasons was investigated and seven of them were found to be common in these three surveys. With attendance status (attended, not attended) as a dependent variable, the binary logistic regression was used to find out statistical significant reasons for school dropouts in Yemen for the two age groups 6-14 and 15-17 years. From each survey, some significant independent variables (reasons) were detected. These significant reasons were divided into six related dimensions namely; poverty, schools’ situation, education willingness, orphanhood, sex of the children and residence area. Careful consideration to these dimensions has led to suggest a number of relative recommendations and also a prototype that addresses the dropout problem and its deep roots in Yemen.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - An Attempt to Model Factors Affecting the School’s Dropout Phenomenon in Yemen
    AU  - Muhammed Abdul Kareem Al-Mansoob
    AU  - Muhammed Saleh Abdullah Masood
    AU  - Abdulhakim Abdurabu Mohammed Al-Abid
    Y1  - 2018/11/26
    PY  - 2018
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijecs.20180305.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijecs.20180305.11
    T2  - International Journal of Education, Culture and Society
    JF  - International Journal of Education, Culture and Society
    JO  - International Journal of Education, Culture and Society
    SP  - 78
    EP  - 85
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-3363
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijecs.20180305.11
    AB  - Due to many reasons, the dropout problem at the Yemeni schools is escalating tremendously. This study provides an in-depth analysis on school dropouts through analyzing all available and relative raw data that have been obtained in three Yemeni national official surveys: Household Budget Survey (HBS) 2005-2006, Child Labor Survey (CLS) 2010 and HBS 2014. In each survey, a number of dropouts' reasons was investigated and seven of them were found to be common in these three surveys. With attendance status (attended, not attended) as a dependent variable, the binary logistic regression was used to find out statistical significant reasons for school dropouts in Yemen for the two age groups 6-14 and 15-17 years. From each survey, some significant independent variables (reasons) were detected. These significant reasons were divided into six related dimensions namely; poverty, schools’ situation, education willingness, orphanhood, sex of the children and residence area. Careful consideration to these dimensions has led to suggest a number of relative recommendations and also a prototype that addresses the dropout problem and its deep roots in Yemen.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Sana’a University, Sana'a, Yemen

  • Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Education and Language, Amran University, Amran, Yemen

  • Department of Statistics, Faculty of Commerce, Sana’a University, Sana'a, Yemen

  • Sections